The priorities when dealing with a casualty are always the same:
Danger
Are you or the casualty exposed to any danger(s)? If so, make the situation safe then assess to the casualty.
Always remember, SAFETY FIRST.
Danger
Are you or the casualty exposed to any danger(s)? If so, make the situation safe then assess to the casualty.
Always remember, SAFETY FIRST.
Response
Establish whether the casualty is conscious or not ( even though he/ she appears to be unconscious) with the following ways:
IF there is a response:
1) If there is no further danger, DO NOT move the casualty and summon help if needed.
2) Treat any condition found and monitor vital signs ( e.g. level of response, pulse rate, breathing)
3) Continue monitor the casualty either until help arrives or he/ she recovers.
IF there is no response:
1) Get help and avoid moving the casualty if not necessary.
2) Check for casualty's Airway, Breathing and Circulation.
3) Put the casualty in recovery position and continue monitor the casualty until help arrives.
Airway
Open the airway by placing one hand on the casualty's forehead and gently tilting the head back, then lift the chin using 2 fingers. This will move the casualty's tongue away from the back of the mouth.
Check for any foreign objects in the mouth. If found, remove it.
Breathing
Look, listen and feel for 10 seconds to see if the casualty is breathing normally.
Look to see if the chest is rising and falling. Listen for breathing and feel for breath against your cheek.
IF the casualty is breathing normally, place him/ her in Recovery Position to ensure that the airway will remain clear from obstruction.
* Check for other life threatening condition ( e.g. severe bleeding) and treat as necessary.*
IF the casualty is not breathing normally or breathing is not presence at all.
1) Give 2 rescue breath immediately.
2) Dial 999 ( or 112 for mobile phone) or get help.
Circulation
Check for the casualty's pulse ( carotid) by placing the tip of your first 2 fingers over the carotid artery and press gently.
IF pulse is presence, you should feel intermittent pulsations.
IF not,
1) Dial 999 ( or 112 for mobile phone) or call for help.
2) Start Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation ( CPR).
Establish whether the casualty is conscious or not ( even though he/ she appears to be unconscious) with the following ways:
" Sir, can you hear me??"
" Open you eyes"
and gently shaking the casualty's shoulders." Open you eyes"
IF there is a response:
1) If there is no further danger, DO NOT move the casualty and summon help if needed.
2) Treat any condition found and monitor vital signs ( e.g. level of response, pulse rate, breathing)
3) Continue monitor the casualty either until help arrives or he/ she recovers.
IF there is no response:
1) Get help and avoid moving the casualty if not necessary.
2) Check for casualty's Airway, Breathing and Circulation.
3) Put the casualty in recovery position and continue monitor the casualty until help arrives.
Airway
Open the airway by placing one hand on the casualty's forehead and gently tilting the head back, then lift the chin using 2 fingers. This will move the casualty's tongue away from the back of the mouth.
Check for any foreign objects in the mouth. If found, remove it.
Breathing
Look, listen and feel for 10 seconds to see if the casualty is breathing normally.
Look to see if the chest is rising and falling. Listen for breathing and feel for breath against your cheek.
IF the casualty is breathing normally, place him/ her in Recovery Position to ensure that the airway will remain clear from obstruction.
* Check for other life threatening condition ( e.g. severe bleeding) and treat as necessary.*
IF the casualty is not breathing normally or breathing is not presence at all.
1) Give 2 rescue breath immediately.
2) Dial 999 ( or 112 for mobile phone) or get help.
Circulation
Check for the casualty's pulse ( carotid) by placing the tip of your first 2 fingers over the carotid artery and press gently.
IF pulse is presence, you should feel intermittent pulsations.
IF not,
1) Dial 999 ( or 112 for mobile phone) or call for help.
2) Start Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation ( CPR).
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